所谓钣金加工，其实指的是一种对不同金属材料所采用的一种加工方法，使其满足使用要求。一般在进行钣金加工的时候，针对于薄板、薄壁型材和薄壁管材等金属毛料施以一定的作用力，使其发生塑性变形或剪断，从而成为具有预期形状和性能的零件。

The so-called sheet metal processing actually refers to a processing method used for different metal materials to meet their usage requirements. Generally, during sheet metal processing, a certain force is applied to metal blanks such as thin plates, thin-walled profiles, and thin-walled pipes to cause plastic deformation or shearing, resulting in parts with expected shape and performance.

具体来讲，一般采用钣金加工工艺所制得的零件具有这样的性能特点：尺寸大、刚度小、外形复杂。目前钣金加工零件主要可以分为三种类型：种就是具有气动力外形的零件，主要包括有飞机机身、机翼、尾翼和进气道的蒙皮，导弹弹身、舵面的蒙皮，火箭发动机的燃烧室和喷管等。

Specifically, parts produced using sheet metal processing technology generally have the following performance characteristics: large size, small stiffness, and complex shape. At present, sheet metal processing parts can be mainly divided into three types: one is parts with aerodynamic shapes, mainly including the skin of aircraft fuselage, wings, tail wings, and intake ducts, missile body, control surface skin, rocket engine combustion chamber and nozzle, etc.

钣金加工零件则主要指的是一些骨架零件，比如纵向、横向和斜向构件，如梁、桁条、隔框、翼肋等。第三种则指的是一些内装零件，比如燃料、操纵、通信等系统以及生活服务设施中的各种钣金加工件，如油箱、各种导管、支架、座椅等。这些不同的零件在制作的过程中所采用的加工工艺方法也是不同的。

Sheet metal processing parts mainly refer to some skeleton parts, such as longitudinal, transverse, and diagonal components, such as beams, trusses, diaphragms, wing ribs, etc. The third type refers to some internal components, such as fuel, control, communication systems, and various sheet metal processing parts in daily service facilities, such as fuel tanks, various conduits, brackets, seats, etc. The processing methods used in the production process of these different parts are also different.

事实上，现如今钣金加工一些零部件的时候，不仅会应用到机械制造中通用的各种冷冲压方法，同时还会采用一些其他的成形方法。比如橡皮液压成形，主要指的是向装于容框中的橡皮胎内充高压液体，使之膨胀，从而推动毛料按照模胎的形状形成零件。

In fact, nowadays when sheet metal processing some components, not only are various cold stamping methods commonly used in mechanical manufacturing applied, but also other forming methods are used. For example, rubber hydraulic forming mainly refers to filling high-pressure liquid into the rubber tire installed in the container, causing it to expand, and then pushing the raw material to form parts according to the shape of the mold tire.

还有另外一种的成型工艺方法叫做拉弯成形，在采用这种工艺方法来加工钣金加工零件的时候，主要是先把型材毛料沿长度方向拉伸屈服极限，然后保持拉力并使毛料按拉弯模的型面弯曲成形。这种工艺方法能够提高零件的成形准确度。

There is another forming process called tensile bending. When using this process to process sheet metal parts, the main method is to first stretch the raw material of the profile along the length direction to the yield limit, then maintain the tension and bend the raw material according to the surface of the tensile bending die. This process method can improve the forming accuracy of parts.